Primary Lining

The primary lining phase is essential in providing stability and support to the tunnel structure immediately after excavation. This temporary supporting lining involves steel reinforcing elements, such as H-Beam and Round Tubular automated tunnel ribs, which are embedded in or filled with steel fibre-reinforced shotcrete.

The automated tunnel ribs are engineered to conform to the tunnel's contour and are designed to achieve the highest performance, capable of withstanding the most extreme lithostatic pressures.

A significant technological advancement in this process is the shift from manual labour to automation in the installation of tunnel ribs. This evolution not only streamlines the construction process but also enhances risk control. By substituting manual labour with automated solutions, there is no need for personnel presence near the excavation face, significantly improving safety conditions. This integration of advanced materials and automation represents a significant leap in tunnel construction, prioritizing both efficiency and worker safety.